Improvement in stone-sawing machines



.3 SheetsaSheet H. YOUNG. Stone-sawing Machine.

No. 20025K??? Patented .19,1878.

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' 3 Sheets-Sheet 3. H. YOUNG. Stone-'Sawng Machine'.

No. 200,593. Patented Feb. 19,1878.

UNITED STATESPATENT Qrricn.

HUGH YOUNG, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNORTO' WILLIAM RADOLIFF, OF SAMEPLAGE.

IMPROVEMENT IN STONE-SAWINGAMACHINES. v`

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 200, 593, datedFebruary 19, 1878 application iiled November 16, 1877.

'employ saws armed withl black-diamonds,

borts, or other hard stones; but itis, in part,

applicable to machines which cut the softer kinds of stone with toothedsaws, or harder rocks with saws supplied with sand and water.

The invention is also, insome of its features, adapted not only tomachines employing vertically-reciprocating saws, but to those usinghorizontally-reciproeating saws.

The objects of the invention are to secure greater compactness,durability, and accessibility of parts in machines of this class; toadapt them to the crosscutting and squaring of blocks in cases where theportions to be cut off, or that may be placed inside of the plane of theblade, are longer than the rectangular distance from said plane to thethrust-pieces of the sash or other obstruction; to' secure, by a bettermodev than hitherto, the action of the saw-teeth upon the work whilemaking the cutting-stroke, and their disengagement trom the work whilemaking the back or return stroke 5 to prevent slackness of the front andback margins of the saw-blade, which slackness, without my improvement,often exists, although the center of the blade is drawn tight to securea more effectual wetting of the stone next the cutting-edge or cuttersor the saw, and, by the aid ofan auxiliary saw and reversal of the feed,to make the nal break withinthe block, and so prevent the ruining of thelast arrises to be formed by the saw-cut by the breaking of the stone inadvance of the saw.

Figure 1 in the accompanying drawings is a side View of a machineconstructed in accordance with my invention, looking toward thecrank-wheel which reciprocates the saw gate-or sash. Fig. 2 is a top orplan view of the entire machine.

Fig. 3 is a front view or elevation ofthe entire machine, th at sidebeing called the front toward which the cuttingedge of the principal sawis presented. Fig. 4 is a side view or eleva-tion of the entire machineseen from the side on which the main driving-pulleyis located. Fig. 5 isa vertical section made onthe line x w in Fig. 2.

A'represents the saw gate or sash, which carries the principal saw'B andthe auxiliary saw B. The said sash'A reciprocates on the parallel guidesC, which are supported by suitable frame-work, the upper part of whichis upheld by a pillar, D, and the whole of which rests on a vsuitablefoundation, preferably of solid masonry. Thesaid sash not only iprojects laterally or hangs laterally over and under the carriage E,upon which the stone F to be cut rests and is fed to the saws, but saidsash also projects over and under the said carriage, toward the frontor" the machine, and in front of any of the machinery between the top ofthe carriage and the bottom of that part of the frame which supports theupper slides. edges of the saws so far in advance of all obstruction byother parts of the machine that a long stone may be laid on the saidcarriage vcrosswise to have the part inside of the plane of the bladesawed on', although such part to be sawed off, measured from the planeof the blade, is longer than the rectangular distance from said plane tothe thrust-pieces of the sash or other obstructiona great advantage, nothitherto attained in this class of machines.

The sash is reciprocated in the usual way by a pitman, G, which connectsthe sash with the crank-wheel H on the main shaft I, which is rotated bythe liy-wheel pulley J.

The principal saw B is provided with re-enforcements a at each oi' itsextremities. To the said re-enforcements are pivoted links b, whichengage the sash A by knife-edges or V-shaped bearings c, and throughwhich the said saw is put under tension.

In order to prevent slackness in the edges of the principal saw B, whichmust be broad to work well, I make in said `saw holes K, placed in thecentral longitudinal axis of the This construction carries thecuttin-gsaw. This construction gives the saw less resistance to tensionon and near the said axis than on the longitudinal margins of the saw.The said margins will therefore be drawn perfectly tight and straightwhen the saw is strained in the sash. So far as yet determined, circularholes on the centra-1 axis seem preferable; but I do not confine myselft0 this or any other specific shape or position for the said holes, norto cutting them entirely through the plate. The said holes, whenentirely within the kerf, also act to produce spray in the kerf when thesaw is cutting and supplied with water, and thus a more efficientwetting of the cutting-edge of the saw and the part of the stone actedupon by said cutting'edge is secured.

The said sash and saw are represented in the drawings as making thedownward or cutting stroke. Now, it has been found 'to be essential withreciprocating saws armed with diamonds, borts, or other hard stones,that the cutting-edge of the saw should be Withdrawn from its actionupon the stone on its back stroke, and brought into contact with thestone only while makin g its cuttin g-stroke,

in'order that the borts or other cutters shall be pressed only in onedirection in the performance of their work, as pressure in one directiononly does not loosen them in their set tings, as always results fromtheir cutting in both directions. different ways, by the advance andretreat to and from the work of the entire sash, the advance and retreatof the stone itself, and by the advance and retreat of the saw-bladeonly; but the methods hitherto employed have presented important defectson the one hand by requiring the movement of the slides, sash, and bladetogether, or the movement of the stone and carriage together, and on theother hand by requiring the production of the peculiar form of motionneeded on or within the reciprocating sash, or its connection with thecrank. This last method makes all the bearings of the push or liftproducing apparatus `inaccessible for oiling while the sash is moving toand fro, and also leads to their speedy destruction by theconstantly-reversing nio-` `mentu1n of the parts.

It has consequently been found almost impossible to keep these parts insuch accuracy of relation as to obtain the desired regularity andexactness in the push or lift motion of the blade.

In my present invention I have obviated these defects by the use of aseparate push or lift motion slide,l U, distinct from but parallel withVthe slides which guide the reciprocating motion of the sash, and alsoplaced in or on that part of the machine which bears said slides forguiding said reciprocating motion of thesash. This slide O receives amovement. corresponding with the push or lift motion required for thesaw, and only those few and simple parts needed to transmit thismovelnent to the blade or blades are on the reciprocating sash or itsconnections, and the power This has been eifected in for producing themovementnof t-he slide O` is brought directly or indirectly from themain shaft I, or from any shaft positively connected therewith, and notfrom the revolving crankpm.

Upon the said main shaft I, I attach the eccentric L, the rod M of whichis pivoted to one end of the rock-lever N, which, by the connecting-rodr, is connected to therocklever N', which, by a connecting-rod, r', isconnected to another rock-lever, N.

The shafts or pivots of al1 the said rocklevers have their bearings inthe upper part of the stationary frame-work of the machine.

In order that the connecting-rods may act only by a drawing motion, andmay be made lighter than if the rocking of the said rocklevers wereentirely performed by the eccentric L, I attach to the end of the leverN a rod, r, and spring s, by which the entire system of connectedrock-levers, so far as described, are actuated in onel direction, whilethe eccen tric rod M and eccentric L actuate them in the oppositedirection.

The rock-levers N and N are keyed to their shafts, and both rock throughsimilar and equal arcs in such manner as to actuate equally similar camsattached to the said rock-lever shafts, which shafts are parallel andhave their "centers in a parallel line with the guides C.

The said cams d actuate the push or lift motion slide 0. The said slideO is guided in or on that part of the machine which carries the ,guidesC, and it is pressed constantlyr against the cams d by springs e. Itsposition is therefore, both when at rest land in every part of itsmovement, parallel to the guides C.

From this parallel motion of the push or lift motion slide O, I derivethe parallel forward and backward edgewise motion of the saw or saws, asfollows: To the upper part of the saw-gate is pivoted a bell-cranklever, l?, and to the opposite lower part of vsaid sawgate is pivotedanother bell-crank lever, P. Said bellcrank levers are connected andcaused to move simultaneously by the connecting-rod 4, and the verticalarm of the upper bell-crank lever P-slides over the push or lift motionslide O, an anti-friction device being preferably interposed betweensaid lever and said slide.

Eachof the bell-crank levers P P is connected by a rod, R or R', (whichrods respect ively extend across the upper and lower parts of the sash)to one arm of a horizontally-rocking bell-crank lever, P or P, pivotedto said sash. The unconnected arms of said bell- `crank levers I and Pact directly against at every reciprocation, the said bellcrank leversbeing actuated by the slide O through the intermediate bell-crank leversand connecting-rods hereinbefore described; and all the bearings of thedevices through which this motion of the saW yis obtained are placed onthat part of the machine which carries the slides guiding the sash, andhence are easily accessible for oiling and other attention, whether thesaw is running or not, except the bearings of the bell-crank leverspivoted to the sash.

This feature of the invention is applicable tohorizontally-reciprocating saws as well as to vertically-reciprocatingsaws. But I do not coniine myself to the precise means of com#municating motion from the main shaft I to the slide O, nor to theprecise means of communicating motion from said slide to the saw, asother systems of devices may accomplish these results.

It is to be observed that the devices above described have thiswell-defined result, namely,V that the parallel movement of the slide Ois the exact counterpart of the push or lift motion required for theblade, or that it has an arithmetical relation to such required motion,according to the intermediate links of communication between said slideO and said blade.

For the purposes of my invention it is immaterial whether such specificmode of motion is effected by cams or wedges acting yon they slide O, orby a cam on the main shaft, or onV any intermediate shaft, or by anyother mechanical equivalent or equivalents.

Heretofore, in the sawing of stone on such machines, when the saw hascut nearly through the stone, there has been very great danger ofruining the last arrises to be formed by the saw-cut by reason of thebreaking out of the stone and parting of the block in advance of thesaw; and such breaking, frequently occurring, causes great damage,necessitating the subsequent dressing of the stone to remove thebrokcn-out'portion-a serious waste of material and labor.

In the present invention this difliculty is wholly avoided, as follows:The re-enforce said saw in such manner as to pass one on each side ofthe end of the lower projecting re-enforcement a of the principal saw, apin, t, passing through said plates and projection, and similar platesT', riveted to the upper end of said saw, and having a gib and key, t',passing through said plates and the end of the upper projectingre-enforcement a, the whole being so arranged as to bring the said.auxiliary saw substantially in parallel relation and in the saine planewith the principal saw. Neither do I limit myself to the attachment ofsaid auxiliary saw to the re-enforcements a a, as special appliances forsuch attachment may be provided independently of said re-enforcements.

During the chief part of the sawing the said auxiliary saw is detached;but when the block has been so nearly divided as to be in danger ofparting, the machine is stopped, the auxiliary saw attached, with itscutting-edge facing the cutting-edge of the principal saw, and themachine again started with 'the motion of the carriage E reversed. Theauxiliary saw then cuts a kerf directly and accurately into the kerf ofthe principal saw, making perfect, clean-cut arrises, and the nal break,if any, occurs within the body of the block.

lI claiml. A saw-gate projecting over and under the carriage, bothlaterally and toward the frontl or end of the machine toward which thecutting-edge of the principal saw is presented, substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

2. The combination, in ya, stone-sawing machine, of a reciprocating sawgate or sash, a principal saw, and a detachable auxiliary saw, forattachment to or connection with the principal saw inthe same plane andin parallel' from the main shaft I, or any shaft positively connectedtherewith, to said slide O, and means for imparting from said slide O acorresponding edgewise motion to the saw or saws, substantially as andfor the purpose set forth.

. HUGH YOUNG. Witnesses FREDSHAYNES, EDWARD B. SPERRY.

